post-workout – Move Well with Amy Rizzotto

July 15, 2014

How to FUEL your body for optimal athletic performance: Part 1

Training for a half marathon, full marathon, ultra marathon, century ride, tournament, duathlon or triathlon? In this three part series, you’ll learn how to fuel your body for optimal athletic performance. As a certified sports nutrition and performance coach, I’ll share advice on how to fuel before, during and after your workout or endurance event. Experiment with different options before race day to find what foods work best for you. Keep in mind, fuel should be a balance of nutrients, energy (calories), taste, digestion, budget and convenience. There is no one size fits all, so play around, do your research, try it out and be open to change.

How to FUEL your body for optimal athletic performance: Part 1 – Pre-Workout Nutrition

(Adapted from The Thrive Diet, by Brendan Frazier)

1. Consume carbohydrates and protein in a 3:1 ratio; and include a little healthy fat. Depending on how quickly you digest, try eating 30 grams of healthy, complex carbs (whole grains, vegetables and fruits) and 10 grams of protein 2-3 hours before a workout or competition. If you’ve only got an hour, try half that amount. If you’re timed crunched, try blending 1 tablespoon hemp protein powder, 1 medjool date (pitted) and 8-oz of unsweetened almond milk. Adding 1 teaspoon of a healthy oil, such as flaxseed or coconut oil, helps slow digestion so your body can absorb fat soluble vitamins and deliver nutrients where they need to go. Coconut oil is ideal for workouts because the liver treats it like glucose (a carbohydrate and your body’s go-to for fast fuel).

2. Include high GI carbs for energy now and complex, non-starchy carbs for later. As noted before, glucose is your body’s go-to for fast-acting fuel. In your favorite pre-workout drink try using one or two dates (glucose) as the high-GI (glycemic index) carb for instant-energy and a couple teaspoons of agave nectar (fructose) for slower energy release. Avoiding high starch foods like bagels is important pre-workout. To convert starch into quick-working fuel your body has to work, and during a workout you want all available energy directed toward movement, not digestion.

3. If you’ll sweat during a workout lasting over an hour, you need lots of electrolytes. Lack of electrolytes can lead to “bonking”—or hitting a wall—and, in rare occurrences, can be fatal for endurance athletes. Hyponatremia is the condition of having too much water and not enough sodium (an electrolyte) in your system. Lots of sodium is lost through sweat so you should take in electrolytes during any high-intensity workout lasting more than an hour. Coconut water contains electrolytes as do most sports drinks and gels, however these often contain a lot of added sugar and preservatives. You can proactively replace electrolytes by adding a little salt or dulse powder to your pre-workout drink – just make sure you experiment first. If it tastes gross to you and you won’t drink it, it’s not the right option for you.

4. Consider caffeinating for improved performance. Caffeine is one of the only ergogenic aids that has been proven to significantly improve performance in endurance events and workouts. It’s not for everyone and is not something you should rely on for every workout because doing so will result in increased adrenal fatigue and slower recovery. You can, however, experiment with adding caffeine to a pre-workout smoothie/drink by replacing the liquid component with brewed yerba mate or tea. For the coffee lovers, you can drink a cup of black coffee (dairy is hard to digest so try to avoid it), but that can be tough on both your intestines and adrenal glands so be sure to test it out well before race or competition day.

5. Add health-boosting superfoods to go the extra mile. While the above guidelines should be enough to give your workout a serious jumpstart, you can make your pre-workout drinks even better with the addition of a few superfoods. Chia seeds contain omega-3s which reduce inflammation and improve cognitive function, and your body will absorb them in either whole or ground form. Chia seeds have a very high fiber content, so be careful not to overdo it and give your body proper time to digest. Maca powder is loaded with energy metabolism-enhancing B vitamins and is great for helping the adrenal glands recover from the stress of a workout. Other options to explore are acai, goji berries, spirulina, chlorella, ground flaxseed, etc.

**Check back next week for what to eat during a long training workout or endurance event.**

August 20, 2013

Why Protein Isn’t a Dietary Silver Bullet

Why Protein Isn’t a Dietary Silver Bullet.

Originally published by STACK.com | August 15, 2013

Check out my STACK Expert profile for more articles on fitness and nutrition. //

Our collective desire for quick fixes makes diet crazes appealing. But although the names may change—Atkins, Zone and, most recently, Paleo—all fad diets tend to have one thing in common: an emphasis on increasing protein intake.

For years, fad diets have demonized healthy fats and carbs, claiming that if you eat too much of these macronutrients, you will get fat. Yet, protein has remained largely unscathed by the mainstream media.

This also holds true for athletes. Lean protein—and lots of it—is considered essential for athletic recovery. Muscle-repairing fats and energy-replenishing carbohydrates are given short shrift.

If you are one who focuses your nutrition on protein, it’s time to listen up.

Protein is an essential part of our daily diet. It constitutes the structural basis of our muscles, skin, nails and hair. There’s no doubt that it’s essential to our well-being. However, it’s not the only important nutrient.

Pick up your favorite fitness magazine, and you will see why our nutrition mindset is biased toward protein. Pages and pages of ads celebrate the latest protein powder or bar, but do you see any ads for products containing carbs or healthy fats? You’d think Americans were suffering from a serious epidemic of protein deficiency.

Fortunately, that is not the case. In fact, most of us—including vegetarians and vegans— get more than enough protein through our regular daily food intake.

For the average person, it’s recommended to consume 0.8 to 1.0 grams of protein per kilogram (pounds / 2.2) of body weight. If you’re an athlete or someone performing high-intensity physical activity (e.g., training for a triathlon or marathon), you should increase your daily protein intake to 1.1 to 1.4 grams per kilogram of body weight.

In other words, an active 135-pound woman should eat around 75 grams of protein per day, and an active 180-pound man should have 140 grams. Anything beyond the amount your body can use will be excreted through urine, so ultimately any excess protein is wasted. And, consuming too much protein may stress your liver and kidneys when converting it to carbs or fat for energy.

So despite its celebrated status, too much protein simply won’t do you any good. Remember also that protein isn’t a miracle food that you can chow down on without the risk of gaining weight. It has just as many calories per gram as carbs.

So, what should you focus on in your diet?

Ideally your daily caloric intake should include 25 to 35 percent fat, 15 to 20 percent protein and 55 to 60 percent carbs. In contrast, the Zone diet calls for a 30:40:30 ratio. That’s double the amount of protein and not nearly enough carbs to fuel your body for quality workouts.

Bottom line: although protein is an important component of a healthy diet, you need to break the mindset that protein is the silver bullet of nutrition. Accept that healthy fats and carbs have a place in your diet, and you will be more likely to reach your fitness and health goals.

August 7, 2013

Post-Workout Recovery Fuel: The Golden Rule

Diet crazes may come and go, but one macronutrient has always remained largely unscathed by the mainstream fitness and nutrition media.

Protein is an essential part of our daily diet, forming the structural basis of our muscles, skin, nails and hair, amongst other functions. True, this macronutrient is mighty important, but the hype it gets and the marketing power that is thrown behind protein powders and other supplements could make you think the entire American population is suffering from protein deficiency.

That is just not the case. In fact, most of us get more than enough protein through our regular daily food intake—including vegetarians and savvy vegans.

For most people, the RDA for protein intake is 0.8-1.0 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight (2.2kg/1lb). If you’re an athlete or someone performing high-intensity physical activity (e.g. training for a marathon), you should bump that RDA up a few notches to 1.1-1.4 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight (Williams 2006). In other words, a 135 lb woman should consume between 68 to 86 grams of protein, while a 180 lb man should target 90 to 195 grams. When we get too much protein, excess is converted into carbohydrates or fat and can stress the liver and kidneys. Eventually excess protein substrate is doomed to be a waste, excreted through urination.

The ideal food intake breakdown for athletes is to get 25-35% of your calories from fat, 15-20% from protein, and 55-60% from carbohydrates. For the sake of comparison, the once very popular ZONE Diet encourages a 30:40:30 ratio, or double the amount of protein according to RDA standards and not nearly enough carbohydrates to fuel your muscles’ glycogen stores for exercise. While these ratios are helpful for me as a nutrition coach, most people just want to be told how much protein they need after a workout.

This question always prompts my Golden Rule for Post-Workout Recovery Fuel: consume 10 grams of protein within one hour of intense physical activity for improved muscle repair.

Ideally, your post-workout snack or meal would fit into that 25-35%:15-20%:%55-60% ratio of fats:proteins:carbs. Most Clif bars fit the bill when you’re on the go with 45g carbs (5g of which are dietary fiber), 10g protein, 5g fat, and only 250 calories. And if you’re looking for something lighter—maybe saving room for that brunch in a couple hours—Clif Builder’s Snack Size are my go-to. The still have that 10g grams of protein your body needs, are a mere 130 calories, and provide a good source of iron, magnesium, zinc and calcium, as well as vitamins A, C, E and K and many of the B vitamins that are so essential to our metabolism.

I’m a big fan of Clif bars not only for their impressive nutritional profiles but also because of the company’s ethos. Clif is a 1% for the Planet member, they use 100% recycled materials for their packaging, and their bars never contain ingredients like artificial sweeteners, sugar alcohols, or trans fats.

Please keep in mind that these kind of bars should not be viewed as a regular meal replacement. Whole grains, fruits and veggies, beans and other sources of lean protein are essential to a well-balanced, healthy diet. That said, they are definitely a MOARyoga-approved, convenient way to fulfill the protein needs of your muscles in that one-hour post-workout window.

References:

Williams, Melvin H. Nutrition for Health, Fitness and Sport: 8th Edition. McGraw-Hill. May 2006.